Dr. Daniel Hale Williams

States.[1][2]
Contents[hide]
1 Career
2 Personal life
3 Legacy
4 References
5 Further reading
6 External links
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[edit] Career
Williams is sometimes regarded as the first man to have performed cardiac surgery, though earlier surgeries on the pericardium were performed by Francisco Romero in 1801, Dominique Jean Larrey prior to 1842, and by Henry Dalton in 1891. In 1893 he repaired the torn pericardium of knife wound patient, James Cornish, the second on record.[3][4] He performed this surgery at Provident Hospital, Chicago, on 10 July 1893, a hospital which he founded, and one of the few hospitals that welcomed African Americans.[5]
In 1893, during the administration of President Grover Cleveland, Williams was appointed surgeon-in-chief of Freedman's Hospital in Washington, D.C., another of the few hospitals that would admit African Americans. In addition to organizing the hospital, Williams also established a training school for African-American nurses at the facility.
Williams was a teacher of Clinical Surgery at Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tennessee and was an attending surgeon at Cook County Hospital in Chicago. He worked hard to create more hospitals for African Americans. In 1895 he co-founded the National Medical Association for black doctors, and in 1913 he became a charter member and the only black in the American College of Surgeons.

[edit] Personal life
Williams was married in 1898 to Alice Johnson, daughter of sculptor Moses Jacob Ezekiel, and a slave.[6] Williams died of a stroke in Idlewild, Michigan in 1931.

[edit] Legacy
Williams was honored, amongst others, for his achievements in the Stevie Wonder song "Black Man", from the album Songs in the Key of Life.[7]
In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed Daniel Hale Williams on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans.[8]

[edit] References
^ "Williams, Daniel Hale". Adoptions.com. 09 February 2007. http://famous.adoption.com/famous/williams-daniel-hale.html. Retrieved on 2008-11-22.
^ Encyclopaedia Britannica (2008). "Reference Room: Daniel Hale Williams". African American World. PBS. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/aaworld/reference/articles/daniel_hale_williams.html. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.
^ Shumacker, Harris B. (1992). The Evolution of Cardiac Surgery. Indiana University Press. p. 12. http://books.google.com/books?id=xtEIeqY8dn8C&pg=PA12&sig=sOHygc4IS04txYqsYvnKFNb9LE0. Retrieved on 2007-05-12.
^ "Heart Surgery (first successful)". Black Invention